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Soil Infiltration Variability Across Diverse Soil Reference Groups, Textures, and Land-Use Types

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 Soil infiltration—the process through which water enters and percolates through the soil profile—varies widely across soil reference groups, textures, and land-use types. This variability is shaped by inherent soil characteristics and external ecosystem pressures. Coarse-textured soils such as sandy soils generally exhibit higher infiltration rates due to larger pore spaces, while fine-textured clay soils tend to have slower infiltration because of compacted micropores and higher water-holding capacity. Soil reference groups like Fluvisols, Andosols, or Cambisols often display strong infiltration potential owing to their porous structure and organic matter content, whereas Vertisols and Luvisols typically show restricted infiltration due to swelling clays and dense subsoils. Land-use practices further influence infiltration behaviour: natural forests and well-managed agroforestry systems enhance infiltration through increased litter cover, root activity, and soil biological proces...
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Global Food and Nutrition Security under Changing Climates

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  Global food and nutrition security is increasingly challenged by the accelerating impacts of climate change, which affect agricultural productivity, food availability, and dietary quality across regions. Rising temperatures, shifting rainfall patterns, and frequent extreme weather events disrupt crop growth, reduce soil fertility, and increase pest and disease pressures, thereby threatening stable food supplies. Climate-induced declines in nutrient-rich crops further compromise dietary diversity and the nutritional well-being of vulnerable populations. Ensuring global food and nutrition security in this changing climate requires an integrated approach that promotes climate-resilient crop varieties, sustainable soil and water management practices, diversification of farming systems, and improved post-harvest technologies. Strengthening early warning systems, enhancing farmer capacity, and advancing policy frameworks aimed at sustainable, equitable food systems are essential for re...
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Integrated nutrient management for sustainable crop productivity

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  Integrated nutrient management (INM) for sustainable crop productivity emphasizes the balanced and efficient use of organic, inorganic, and biological nutrient sources to maintain soil fertility while ensuring long-term agricultural sustainability. INM combines fertilizers, compost, manure, crop residues, green manures, and microbial inoculants to optimize nutrient availability and improve soil structure, microbial activity, and nutrient-use efficiency. This approach helps reduce dependency on chemical fertilizers, minimize nutrient losses through leaching or volatilization, and enhance soil organic carbon, leading to better water retention and improved root growth. By integrating site-specific nutrient management, precision application, and crop rotation practices, INM supports stable yields, enhances crop resilience to stress, and promotes ecological balance. Ultimately, integrated nutrient management not only boosts agricultural productivity but also contributes to long-term ...
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Establishing a Leaf-Derived Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation Method for Red Fruit Ginseng

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  The study pioneers a leaf-based tissue culture approach for Red Fruit Ginseng, crafting a swift and reliable propagation pathway for this high-value medicinal species. By refining sterilization protocols, optimizing callus induction media, and fine-tuning hormonal balances, the method nurtures vigorous explants that unfold into robust plantlets with impressive regeneration efficiency. This system unlocks year-round multiplication, ensuring uniformity, genetic stability, and scalable production that traditional propagation methods struggle to achieve. The protocol not only extends conservation possibilities for rare germplasm but also supports commercial cultivation by providing a sustainable pipeline of high-quality planting material. With its blend of precision and biological artistry, the developed technique acts like a quiet engine powering future Red Fruit Ginseng research, conservation, and industry-level expansion. Hashtags #RedFruitGinseng #TissueCulture #LeafDerivedCult...
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Effects of Long-Term Straw Return and Tillage Practices on Soil Physicochemical Traits and Yield of Waxy Maize

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  Long-term straw return combined with appropriate tillage practices plays a crucial role in improving soil health and sustaining crop productivity in waxy maize cultivation. Continuous incorporation of crop residues enhances soil organic matter, boosts nutrient availability, and improves soil structure by increasing aggregation and porosity. These changes support better moisture retention and root development, ultimately strengthening plant growth. Conservation tillage systems—such as reduced or no-tillage—further complement straw return by minimizing soil disturbance, reducing erosion, and promoting beneficial microbial activity. Over time, these integrated practices lead to improved soil physicochemical attributes including pH stability, nutrient cycling efficiency, and enhanced cation exchange capacity. As a result, waxy maize grown under long-term straw return and optimized tillage management often demonstrates increased yield potential, greater resilience to environmental str...
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Assessment of Rice Productivity and Solar Power Generation in Agriphotovoltaic Systems

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  The assessment of rice productivity within agriphotovoltaic systems highlights a promising approach to optimizing land use by combining agriculture with renewable energy generation. These systems integrate solar panels above rice fields, enabling farmers to cultivate crops while simultaneously producing clean electricity. Research indicates that partial shading from solar panels can help moderate field temperatures, reduce water evaporation, and create a microclimate that supports stable rice growth. At the same time, solar modules generate significant power without compromising crop yields when panel height and spacing are properly optimized. This dual-use model enhances energy efficiency, boosts farm-level income, and supports climate-resilient agricultural practices. Evaluating factors such as solar irradiance, panel configuration, crop response, and energy output plays a crucial role in determining system performance. Overall, agriphotovoltaic systems present an innovative an...
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Exploring the Root–Soil Anchoring Dynamics of Bambusa pachinensis (Pachi Bamboo) Root System

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  The root–soil anchoring dynamics of Bambusa pachinensis (Pachi Bamboo) play a crucial role in maintaining slope stability, enhancing soil structure, and mitigating erosion in tropical and subtropical ecosystems. This study explores the mechanical interaction between the bamboo’s fibrous, rhizomatous root system and surrounding soil matrices. The dense network of fine roots and rhizomes provides exceptional soil reinforcement by increasing shear strength and improving water infiltration capacity. Root tensile strength and distribution patterns significantly influence the plant’s anchorage efficiency, enabling B. pachinensis to withstand high wind forces and soil displacement. Advanced modeling and in situ measurements reveal that deeper and more horizontally spreading roots enhance both mechanical stability and soil cohesion. These findings underscore the potential of Bambusa pachinensis as a bioengineering species for slope protection, riverbank stabilization, and ecological r...
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