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Microbial volatile organic compounds reshape plant hormonal networks and root herbivore defense

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  Microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) act as powerful airborne signals that reshape plant hormonal networks and enhance defense against root herbivores. Emitted by beneficial soil bacteria and fungi, these low-molecular-weight compounds can be perceived by plant roots and shoots, triggering complex hormonal crosstalk involving jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, ethylene, auxins, and abscisic acid. Through this hormonal reprogramming, mVOCs prime plants for faster and stronger defensive responses, including the activation of secondary metabolites, reinforcement of cell walls, and modulation of root architecture that limits herbivore feeding and performance. By fine-tuning growth–defense trade-offs without direct microbial contact, microbial volatiles represent an ecologically efficient strategy for belowground plant protection and highlight their potential application in sustainable pest management and climate-smart agriculture. #MicrobialVolatiles #PlantHormones #RootHerbivor...
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Harnessing plant natural products for enhanced biotic stress resistance

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  Harnessing plant natural products offers a sustainable and eco-friendly strategy to enhance biotic stress resistance in crops. Plants naturally produce a wide array of secondary metabolites—such as alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolics, flavonoids, and phytoalexins—that play crucial roles in defense against pathogens and herbivores. These compounds can directly inhibit the growth of fungi, bacteria, insects, and nematodes, or indirectly strengthen plant immunity by activating defense signaling pathways like salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene networks. Advances in metabolomics, genomics, and synthetic biology have enabled the identification, optimization, and targeted application of these natural products through breeding, biostimulants, or bio-based pesticides. By reducing reliance on synthetic agrochemicals, harnessing plant-derived natural products not only improves crop resilience and yield stability but also supports environmental health and sustainable agricultural syste...
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Multisource grassland evidence for plant functional traits in predicting soil biota biodiversity and functions

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  Multisource grassland evidence shows that plant functional traits are powerful predictors of soil biota biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. By integrating field observations, trait databases, remote sensing, and experimental data across diverse grassland systems, studies reveal that traits such as specific leaf area, root depth, nutrient acquisition strategies, and litter quality strongly shape soil microbial and faunal communities. These plant traits influence the quantity and quality of carbon inputs, root exudation patterns, and microhabitat conditions, thereby regulating soil food web structure, microbial diversity, enzymatic activities, and nutrient cycling processes. The convergence of multiple data sources highlights consistent trait–biota–function linkages, emphasizing that plant functional composition, rather than species identity alone, governs belowground biodiversity and functions in grassland ecosystems under environmental change. #GrasslandEcosystems #PlantFunc...
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Pesticide residues in ornamental plants marketed as bee friendly: Levels in flowers, leaves, roots and soil

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  Pesticide residues have been widely detected in ornamental plants marketed as bee-friendly , raising concerns about unintended risks to pollinators. Analyses of flowers, leaves, roots, and associated potting soils reveal that multiple systemic and contact pesticides—particularly neonicotinoids, fungicides, and insect growth regulators—can persist across plant tissues. Flowers often contain residues at levels capable of exposing bees through nectar and pollen, while leaves and roots frequently show even higher concentrations due to systemic uptake and long-term accumulation. Soil and growing media act as reservoirs, enabling continuous transfer of pesticides into plant tissues even when foliar applications have ceased. These findings highlight a critical gap between “bee-friendly” labeling and actual chemical safety, emphasizing the need for stricter regulations, transparent labeling, and residue-free production practices to truly protect pollinators in urban and garden ecosystems...
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Photosynthetic acclimation is a key contributor to exponential growth of a desert plant

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  Photosynthetic acclimation plays a pivotal role in enabling the exponential growth of desert plants under extreme and fluctuating environmental conditions. By dynamically adjusting photosynthetic capacity, pigment composition, and water-use efficiency, desert plants can optimize carbon assimilation even under intense light, high temperatures, and chronic water scarcity. Structural and biochemical acclimation—such as enhanced photoprotection, flexible stomatal regulation, and efficient energy dissipation—allows these plants to rapidly capitalize on short periods of favorable moisture availability. This physiological plasticity not only minimizes stress-induced damage but also sustains high photosynthetic performance, ultimately driving rapid biomass accumulation and competitive success in arid ecosystems. #PhotosyntheticAcclimation #DesertPlants #PlantPhysiology #ExponentialGrowth #StressAdaptation #AridEcosystems #Photosynthesis #PlantEcology Visit : https://soilscientists.org/ ...
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A highly efficient nanocopper hydroxide activates plant immune resistance and confers tolerance to salt and drought stress in rice

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  A highly efficient nanocopper hydroxide acts as a powerful inducer of plant immune resistance while simultaneously enhancing rice tolerance to salt and drought stress. By functioning as a nano-enabled elicitor, nanocopper hydroxide stimulates defense-related signaling pathways, antioxidant enzyme activities, and stress-responsive gene expression, leading to improved physiological resilience under adverse conditions. Its nanoscale properties enable better interaction with plant tissues, promoting efficient uptake and sustained activation of immune responses without causing toxicity. As a result, rice plants exhibit enhanced growth, reduced oxidative damage, and improved water-use efficiency under salinity and drought stress, highlighting the potential of nanocopper hydroxide as a sustainable tool for strengthening crop resilience in stress-prone agroecosystems. #NanotechnologyInAgriculture #NanocopperHydroxide #PlantImmunity #RiceResearch #AbioticStressTolerance #SaltStress #Drou...
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Plant and microbial interactions under different planting

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            Plant–microbial interactions play a pivotal role in regulating nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands, and these interactions are strongly influenced by planting patterns. Different configurations of plant species alter root architecture, oxygen release, and carbon exudation, which in turn shape microbial community composition and activity. Diverse or mixed planting patterns often enhance niche differentiation, promoting the coexistence of nitrifying and denitrifying microorganisms within rhizosphere and bulk soil zones. This spatial and functional complementarity improves key nitrogen transformation processes, including ammonification, nitrification, denitrification, and plant uptake. In contrast, monoculture plantings may limit microbial diversity and reduce system resilience, leading to lower nitrogen removal efficiency under variable environmental conditions. Overall, optimized planting patterns that foster synergistic plant–microbe i...
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