Soil Salinity

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Soil salinity refers to the concentration of soluble salts in the soil, which can significantly affect plant growth, soil structure, and agricultural productivity. High levels of salinity often occur in arid and semi-arid regions due to insufficient rainfall, which prevents the leaching of salts from the root zone. Salinity can also result from irrigation with saline water, poor drainage, or the natural accumulation of salts in the soil over time. Excessive salinity disrupts water absorption by plants, leading to physiological drought even when the soil appears moist. Managing soil salinity requires strategies such as proper irrigation practices, the use of salt-tolerant crops, and soil amendments like gypsum to improve soil structure and facilitate salt leaching. Understanding and mitigating soil salinity is crucial for maintaining soil health and agricultural sustainability.

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