Synergistic interactions of CO2 fertilization nitrogen under climate change

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The synergistic interactions of CO₂ fertilization with water availability, heat stress, and nitrogen levels are critical to understanding crop productivity under climate change. In major staples like maize, rice, and wheat, elevated CO₂ often enhances photosynthesis and yield—a phenomenon known as CO₂ fertilization. However, this benefit is not uniform and can be significantly altered by water scarcity, extreme temperatures, and nutrient limitations. For instance, while CO₂ enrichment may increase biomass, water stress can offset these gains by limiting transpiration and nutrient uptake. Similarly, heatwaves during sensitive growth stages like flowering can negate CO₂ benefits through spikelet sterility or kernel abortion. Moreover, the positive response to CO₂ is amplified only when nitrogen is sufficiently available, indicating a complex interplay among these factors. Recent field experiments and modeling studies demonstrate that without simultaneous improvements in water and nutrient management, the projected gains from CO₂ fertilization may fall short, especially in climate-vulnerable regions. These insights underscore the need for integrated adaptation strategies in agricultural systems facing climate variability.

#CO2Fertilization #ClimateChangeAgriculture #MaizeYield #RiceProduction #WheatGrowth #HeatStressCrops #WaterScarcityImpact #NitrogenUseEfficiency #ClimateSmartAgriculture #CropModeling #ElevatedCO2 #PhotosynthesisBoost #FoodSecurity #Agroecology #SustainableFarming #CropAdaptation #ClimateResilience #AgroClimateInteractions #AgriculturalInnovation #FarmSustainability #CerealCrops #SoilNutrients #HeatWaveImpact #WaterUseEfficiency #IntegratedFarming #ResilientCrops #CarbonFertilization #AgroclimaticZones #CropStressResponses #ClimateMitigation




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