Organic Fertilizer Substitution Modulates Soil Properties and Microbial Communities in a Vegetable–Earthworm Co-Cultivation System

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Organic fertilizer substitution plays a transformative role in enhancing soil health within vegetable–earthworm co-cultivation systems. Replacing a portion of chemical fertilizers with high-quality organic inputs improves soil physicochemical properties—such as nutrient availability, organic matter content, and moisture retention—creating a more balanced and resilient soil environment. The presence of earthworms further accelerates nutrient mineralization and enhances soil aggregation, resulting in improved aeration and structure. These combined practices stimulate beneficial microbial communities, increasing microbial diversity, enzymatic activities, and functional groups associated with nutrient cycling. As a result, the vegetable–earthworm co-cultivation system becomes more ecologically stable, resource-efficient, and productive, reducing environmental impacts while promoting sustainable agricultural development.

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#OrganicFertilizer #SoilHealth #SustainableAgriculture #EarthwormCoCultivation #SoilMicrobes #SoilProperties #OrganicSubstitution #Agroecology #SoilAmendments #VegetableFarming #SoilBiology #MicrobialCommunities #EcoFriendlyFarming #SoilNutrients #RegenerativeAgriculture #GreenAgriculture #SoilEcology #SoilStructure #MicrobialDiversity #OrganicMatter #SoilScience #FarmSustainability #NatureBasedSolutions #EnzymeActivity #Biofertilization #SoilCarbon #AgroSustainability #SoilManagement #SoilFertility #EnvironmentalSustainability




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