Microbial volatile organic compounds reshape plant hormonal networks and root herbivore defense

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Microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) act as powerful airborne signals that reshape plant hormonal networks and enhance defense against root herbivores. Emitted by beneficial soil bacteria and fungi, these low-molecular-weight compounds can be perceived by plant roots and shoots, triggering complex hormonal crosstalk involving jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, ethylene, auxins, and abscisic acid. Through this hormonal reprogramming, mVOCs prime plants for faster and stronger defensive responses, including the activation of secondary metabolites, reinforcement of cell walls, and modulation of root architecture that limits herbivore feeding and performance. By fine-tuning growth–defense trade-offs without direct microbial contact, microbial volatiles represent an ecologically efficient strategy for belowground plant protection and highlight their potential application in sustainable pest management and climate-smart agriculture.

#MicrobialVolatiles #PlantHormones #RootHerbivores #PlantDefense #RhizosphereInteractions #JasmonicAcid #SalicylicAcid #EthyleneSignaling #SoilMicrobiology #SustainableAgriculture

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