Substantial amounts of soil organic carbon and macronutrients are stored in deep soil layers under bamboo plantations

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Substantial amounts of soil organic carbon and essential macronutrients are stored in deep soil layers under bamboo plantations, highlighting the hidden yet critical role of bamboo ecosystems in long-term soil fertility and carbon sequestration. Unlike many shallow-rooted vegetation systems, bamboo develops extensive and deep root–rhizome networks that actively transport organic matter and nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium into subsoil horizons. These deep layers act as stable reservoirs, protecting carbon from rapid microbial decomposition and nutrient loss while enhancing soil structure, water-holding capacity, and ecosystem resilience. The accumulation of carbon and nutrients at depth not only supports sustained bamboo productivity but also strengthens the potential of bamboo plantations as nature-based solutions for climate change mitigation, sustainable land management, and restoration of degraded soils.

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