Bioinoculants with Nano-compounds to Improve Soil Health
Bioinoculants integrated with nano-compounds represent an emerging, sustainable strategy to improve soil health and enhance agricultural productivity. Bioinoculants such as plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria, mycorrhizal fungi, and beneficial microbial consortia support nutrient cycling, biological nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, and soil organic matter stabilization. When combined with nano-compounds—such as nano-zinc, nano-iron, nano-silica, or nano-biochar—the efficiency and persistence of these beneficial microbes are significantly enhanced. Nano-materials improve microbial colonization, protect inoculants from environmental stress, and enable controlled nutrient release, leading to better root–microbe interactions. This synergistic approach improves soil structure, enhances enzymatic activity, increases nutrient availability, and promotes resilient soil microbial communities. Moreover, bioinoculants with nano-compounds reduce dependence on chemical fertilizer...